SOME DEFINITIONS OF GRAMMAR Definicon Here are a few that have been lied to throughout the history of linguistics to our news:
- "The grammar was science to learn the correct use of the classical languages, Latin and Greek, not to learn the use of a language that was assimilated in the cradle and was perfected in school. "
[1] -" The study of signs and their combination is the domain assigned to the grammar. It can be included in the phonology, which studies the elements appear with sounds and their combinations, regardless of the meaning they convey. "
[2] - In terms even provisions, for we can understand grammar, following Chomsky ( 1965:6), "a description of the inherent jurisdiction of the speaker ideal listener."
[3] - "A grammar that incorporates a set explicitly formulated rules of syntax, semantic, morphological and phonological that specify how to form, interpret and pronounce a given set of sentences is said to be generated by this set of sentences. This grammar is called a generative grammar. For a grammar is right, you must build (specify) how they are formed, interpreted and pronounced all well-formed sentences of the language and only them. (Radford, 1988b: 21). "
[4] -" The static linguistic description of a language state grammar can be called in the very precise sense ... studying the language grammar as a system of means of expression ... In fact, it has agreed to call grammar morphology and syntax together, except for the toxicology, the science of words. "
[5] - The grammar is precisely that part of linguistic knowledge consisting of a set of rules that allow us to combine to form simple signs complex signs. We know, for example, how you combine simple sign with the sign-in happy simple: simply, it is placed before this. (Jorge Iván Pérez Silva: "natural and artificial languages \u200b\u200blanguages).
[6] - Grammar.
set of rules governing the language.
includes spelling, phonics, syntax and semantics.
Fonética.-also called prosody or orthology, examines and regulates the pronunciation of words. Spelling
.- It is the best known, which gives standard for the correct spelling of words.
Semántica.-Study the meaning of words. There semantics of the word, the phrase and sentence.
[7] - Grammar. Master Nebrija
in their introductions in Latin grammatic, asked: unde dicitura grammar? A grammatis, hoc est, a bunk, quasi litteraria scientia.
The text is clear about two things: first, that time and the great teacher said nonsense about grammar and the second, Elio Antonio fled to give it a definition of this discipline. According to the traditional definition, which is even entered in the introduction of the official text of the academy, grammar is "the art of speaking and writing correctly."
But now the word is used correctly, it is now replaced with the phrase "properly", it says something that is not true, particularly if it relates to the concept of teaching. Call it art, call it science, accepting the choice of Lebrija, we have to learn and to learn that someone must teach. And therein lies the fundamental error. No learn to speak and write correctly, assuming for now this adverb, with no idea of \u200b\u200bgrammar and its rules.
On the other hand, it is black that this definition has its ancestry, it was covered well in the grammars of the classical languages \u200b\u200brunning when the Renaissance, and Nebrija must have known, but not copied. Bello
The same superstition is not shook the traditional definition, while acknowledging in the preface of his grammar that "a common concern is that makes us believe the plain and simple language study to the extent that is necessary to talk and write properly. But it acknowledged that grammar Bello is the theory of language, the language system in the generation and use of inflections and the structure of their sentences.
Other grammarians define this discipline as the art of expressing thoughts through language, in this structure preserving them. This grammar must strive to explain how this constitutes a language, but in doing so and to deduce consequences of this structure should not impose rules inherited, ie should not be dogmatic.
The concept of grammar as well have changed, as we have seen, has expanded considerably. What was just a set of teaching rules, comes suddenly to encounter idioms that often contradict dogma, and then it becomes necessary to ascertain the reason for such uses, and instead of grammar routine scientific grammar arises.
Today, by that, there was among us a sense favorable reaction wing study of grammar, but otherwise should be taken that far and stripped of their dogmatism.
[8] - art of speaking and writing a language correctly. Science that studies and their combinations.
[9] - Part of the linguistic study of the morphology and syntax of a language. In general, it is called grammar to the study of all aspects of a language are organized, including phonology and lexicology, this is the common definition of basic grammar positivist and American structuralism. Greco-Roman traditional grammar, which persisted throughout the Middle Ages and modern times, until the emergence of linguistics in the nineteenth century. Modern definitions have multiplied, while restricted the extension of the concept. Also the grammar is defined as the capacity or competence of the speaker-hearer to establish relationships between sets of sounds and meanings.
[10] - A branch of linguistics that focuses on the study of a particular language. In this sense, as every language is a particular system and so unlike any other, the grammar is understood as material and functional structure of the language and the discipline that studies and describes this structure.
Consequently, every language has grammar, ie, is organized, has an internal structure and the linguist is to describe what makes their formal relations.
[11] - The term may be used narrowly or broadly.
a) In a narrow sense, the grammar includes only morphology and syntax. In this usage, grammar, vocabulary and is opposed to phonological.
speak thus, for example, parsing a sentence, grammatical meaning certain kinds of words, grammatical morphemes, etc..
b) In a broad sense, the grammar of the language is the overall description of it, including all levels of analysis (phonetic, morphosyntactic, lexical, semantic). In this sense, grammar is equivalent to language, and opposes any adjective that approach language from other disciplines, for example, philosophical, logical, semiotic, etc..
So say, for example, that the noun is a grammatical category, inasmuch as the notion of substance is a philosophical concept.
c) In generative grammar, a grammar of a language L is a of rules that specifies the set of sentences and assign each sentence a structural description
. The grammar of a language is the representation of knowledge of that language possessed by a speaker-hearer who have purchased your domain, ie is the model of competition.
[12] - Grammar understood, according to Saussure, as a system of means of expression "
[13] - Author
[14] grammar definitions quoted by some authors:
defined Pérez Rioja "Grammar is the systematic study of the constituent elements of a language: sounds (phonetics, orthology, metric, spelling), shapes (morphology), words (etymology, semantics), construction (syntax) and expressive resources (style). "
Roca Pons says, "studying the systematic grammar of the language. The grammar of a language would be that this system has, in order ... we can say that is identified to some extent, with traditional morphology and syntax and tries to discover the general forms of language analysis, with significant content ".
- "Science that deals with the set of rules governing the proper functioning of a particular language."
[15] - Art of speaking and writing (grammar).
[16] - What is grammar?
is the branch of linguistics that aims to study the shape and composition of words (morphophonology) and their interrelationship within the sentence or phrase (syntax). The study of grammar shows the operation of the words in a language.
[17] - Grammar: f (g gramma, letter)
Art that teaches to speak and write correctly. Book containing grammar books.
Comparative Grammar, which studies the similarities and difference of languages \u200b\u200btested each other. Historical grammar, which studies the history of the language. *** Grammar form, cunning.
[18] - English Grammar is the art of speaking and writing correctly the Castilian language.
The word grammar is derived from the Greek word grammatica genetic gramma meaning letter, and the suffix ****, which expresses belonging or relating to the teacher of letters, called the Greek grammarians.
[19] - Grammar is the art which teaches us to speak properly and write a language correctly. End or purpose of the grammar. The grammar is intended to teach the subject or know the nature, kind and accident of words, their formation property and purity how to construct and classify them in sentences and to pronounce and spell.
[20] - grammar (of grammatide, lyrics and tekne, art) is the science which deals with the language to speak and write correctly.
Grammar is the science, because it relies on municipalities, systematized knowledge in its scientific or causes because, in comparison with other languages, is *** *** system, variety and harmony in its parts.
But grammar is also art, it presupposes qualities and acts on them with its complex rules to get one of their objectives, which is the accuracy and beauty.
why it's called civility of grammar wing language.
[21] - Grammar, by its intrinsic meaning would amount to something like "art of writing." From the Greek culture has understood the grammar complete study of language.
Grammar is a part of the language, therefore, have the relation of element to set.
grammar study the practical and regulatory language. Normative in the sense that it regulates the conditions which must conform to the proper construction of sentences, relationships should have the elements of these, etc. The grammar covers strictly normative studies, such as syntax and morphology.
[22] - A grammar is thus rules regardless of whether its rules are shrouded in force in this or that metalinguistic excipient. Grammar would not be the result of reducing the exposure of the facts in a dry code of right and wrong uses without explanation as Appendix Probi very old.
[23] - Generative Grammar: Linguistic theory that makes explicit the principles set of syntactic, semantic, etc.) Specifying the form, pronunciation and interpretation of linguistic expressions.
[24] - Private Grammar: Theory of linguists acerca de la facultad lingüística denominado lengua – I es una teoría acerca del estado estable alcanzado por la facultad de lenguaje en su proceso de maduración.
[25] - Este término designa, pues, tanto el saber que un hablante tiene sobre su lengua como la descripción que de ella hace el lingüista.
[26] - Gramática: f. Arte de hablar y escribir bien un idioma. Ciencia que lo estudia.
[27] - Gramática.
(Del lat. grammatĭca, y este del gr. γραμματική) f. Ciencia que estudia los elementos de una lengua y sus combinaciones.
[28] - f. Tratado of this science. The library has a collection of grammars.
[29] - f. Art of speaking and writing a language correctly.
[30] - f. Book is taught.
[31] - f. Formerly, the Latin language study.
[32] - ~ compared. f. Which studies the relationships can be established between two or more languages.
[33] - ~ descriptive. f. Synchronic study of a language, regardless the diachronic.
[34] - ~ speculative. f. Mode of grammar developed Scholasticism, which sought to explain the phenomena language by constant and universal principles.
[35] - ~ structure. f. Language study governed by the principle that all elements have with one another systematic relationships.
[36] - ~ functional. f. Which is based on the study of the functions of the elements of a language.
[37] - ~ general. f. One that seeks to establish common principles in all languages.
[38] - ~ generative. f. Which seeks to develop a set of rules capable of generating or producing all possible sentences of a language and acceptable.
[39] - ~ history. f. Which studies the evolution that a language has undergone over time.
[40] - ~ legislation. f. Which defines the uses of language by precept.
[41] - ~ brown. f. coloq. Ability to conduct oneself in life and to leave safely or advantage of situations.
[42] - ~ traditional. f. Grammar teaching body composed of the ideas about language and their study provided the Greek philosophers, and was developed in later centuries, almost to the emergence of structural grammar, in the first half of the twentieth century.
[43] - ~ transformational, or ~ transformative. f. Which, being generated, provides an outline sentence is passed to another or others for the implementation of certain rules.
[44] - The grammar rules is the set of phonological, morphological, syntactic and semantic that all speakers have to predict, understand and interpret the various emissions or linguistic constructions of a specific language. Helps us to discern the grammatical sentences of those who are not.
[45] Notes:
[1] Source: AVILA, Fernando (2000) "proper English"
[2] Source: ALARCOS Llorca, Emilio (2000) "Grammar of the English Language"
[3] See the bibliography : LAGUNILLA F., Marina and VOID R., Alberto (1995) "Syntax and cognition"
[4] Idem to 3
[5] See de Saussure, Ferdinand (1972) "Course in General Linguistics"
[6] For a brief but clear focus on the components of linguistic knowledge to review the proposal Jorge Iván Pérez Silva STUDIES GENERAL LETTER OF PUCP (2002)
[7] For a better justification the term grammar to see Fernando Avila (2002)
[8] For further explanations on the topic review Emilio M. Amador Martinez (1995)
[9] Encyclopedic Dictionary Republic Espasa Calpe. Volume 14
[10] Encyclopedia Viewer Special Edition for Latin America (1999). Volume 12
[11] Cipriano Torres War (2007)
[12] Source: Isabel Llacer, José Gómez Molina, Amparo Moreno, José M. Santena (1990)
[13] See Gonzalo Martín Vivaldi (1998). Drafting Course
[14] Villanes Palacios, Marco Antonio English Grammar (pp. 15)
[15] http://chironwiki.wikispaces.com/space/showimage/gramatica.pdf
[16] E1tica.html http://www.diccionarios-online.com.ar/corto/gram%
[17] http://www.geocities.com/sergiozamorab/quesla.htm
[18] Source: New Larousse Small Illustrated. Encyclopedic Dictionary (1956)
[19] Source: Compendium of English grammar by Primitivo San Martin (1914)
[20] See Isidro Pérez Martínez (1950)
[21] Richart Saruzua Antonio (1960) Treaty Theoretical - Practical English grammar
[22] Pedraz Alonso, Martin (2000). Great Act 2000 (language). (P. 43).
[23] Alarcos Llorca, Emilio (2000)
[24] Idem to the previous [25] Idem to the previous [26] Source: Larrouse Editorial (2004). "Practical Handbook of Grammar"
[27] http://www.definicion.org/gramatica [28] http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&LEMA
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[36] http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&LEMA=gramática
[37] http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&LEMA=gramática
[38] idem
[39] idem
[40] idem
[41] idem
[42] idem
[43] idem
[44] http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&LEMA=gramática
[45] PERSONAL DEFINITION (2007)
